Eat me not! Interview with Anu Chaudhary on cell surface marker regulating autophagy in humans!

Cells are constantly talking with each other, mostly with the help of cell surface receptors and ligands. This includes information on the amount of 'self-digestion' to perform. Higher self-digestion, or autophagy, leads to faster protein turnover and has been implicated in many age-related diseases, esp. those with an autoimmune component. Could we understand the mechanism controlling levels of autophagy and modulate it to affect disease outcomes?

Anu Chaudhary and her colleagues display an elegant way to screen human genetic variation underlying any observable phenomena. By focusing on response to rapamycin, a drug that induces autophagy, they were able to isolate variations that enhance cellular self-digestion. They use this to characterize cell surface receptors that can vary autophagy levels, and use this knowledge to develop means that could deter auto-antibody production. To learn more about the exciting and relevant finding, please listen to Anu.


For further information, please refer:
Human Diversity in a Cell Surface Receptor that Inhibits Autophagy.
Chaudhary et al., Current Biology, 2016.

Music to the heart! Interview with Troy Shirangi on development of neural circuitry for fly courtship behavior!!

You all must have seen a peacock dance. It's majestic, isn't it! The vibrant colors all moving in big waves, but for what?? The male peacock performs the majestic gesture to lure the female into mating. This is true for many species where the male makes ostentatious displays to entice the female. But how does the male develop the displays that the females respond to? Are there special neural circuitry controlling this behavior?? And if so, which genes are responsible for making them???


Troy and his colleagues dissect such machinery for the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster. They find the neurons and master transcription factor autonomously controlling the courtship behavior. They are able to specially pin-point the neuro-muscular apparatus underlying male singing. The study lays the platform for understanding sex-specific behaviors and the evolutionary forces underlying mate choice. To understand about the exciting work, please listen to the interview with Troy.


For further information, please refer the following study:
Doublesex Regulates the Connectivity of a Neural Circuit Controlling Drosophila Male Courtship Song
Shirangi et al., Developmental Cell, 20 June 2016.
   

Is to perceive to suffer? Interview with Anjali Krishnan on empathetic pain perception!

Imagine falling on the road and hurting yourself. Now imagine watching the same event happen to someone else. Would you react similarly to both these situations? Would your brain respond alike to your own pain vs. to other's pain. Aristotle once said, 'To perceive is to suffer'. According to him, your reaction would match. But is that true?!

Anjali Krishnan and her colleagues at University of Colorado Boulder set out to find answer to this question of similarities and differences in perceiving self and empathetic pain. Surprisingly, and excitingly, they found that our brain looks at these kinds of pain differently. Empathy for other people's pain involves the process of mentalization: imagining other's situation and condition. To know more about the interesting observation, please listen to interview with Anjali.



To know more, please read here:
Somatic and vicarious pain are represented by dissociable multivariate brain patterns.
Krishnan et al., eLife 2016;5:e15166.